who was the first oba of benin

The Oba of Benin Palace is one of the top places to see when you visit Benin. Oba Esigie expanded his realm eastwards to build an empire and conquered land from the Kingdom of Ife, as his successor. By the 1400s Benin was a wealthy kingdom. The Benin Moat: Largest Man Made Earthworks. When an Oba joined his ancestors, he was buried in the courtyard that held his suite of personal rooms, and the altar erected over his grave served as a focus for sacrifice and ritual. Pre-Imperial Obas of Benin (1180-1440) * Eweka I (11801246) * Uwuakhuahen (12461250) * Henmihen (12501260) * Ewedo (12601274) * Oguola (12741287) * Edoni (12871292) * Udagbedo (12921329) * Ohen (13291366) * Egbeka (13661397) * Orobiru (13971434) * Uwaifiokun (14341440), * Ewuare I (14401473) * Ezoti (14731474) * Olua (14751480) * Ozolua (14801504) * Esigie (15041547) * Orhogbua (15471580) * Ehengbuda (15801602) * Ohuan (16021656) * Ohenzae (16561661) * Akenzae (16611669) * Akengboi (16691675) * Akenkpaye (16751684) * Akengbedo (16841689) * Ore-Oghene (16891701) * Ewuakpe (17011712) * Ozuere (17121713) * Akenzua I (17131740) * Eresoyen (17401750) * Akengbuda (17501804) * Obanosa (18041816) * Ogbebo (1816) * Osemwende (18161848) * Adolo (18481888) * Ovonramwen Nogbaisi (18881914) He was exiled to Calabar by the British in 1897 during the punitive expedition. Both the Oba of Benin and Comrade Governor, Adams . They entered Igodornigodo through the western route via Iyekovia. Oranmiyans entourage included amongst others the Edigin Ilawure Ihama and Ezima. He resisted all attempts by the Edionisen to dispose him of the Ogisos stool. Just as it is important to acknowledge the ground son of Oduduwa which became an Oba in Benin same applies to the acknowledging that it was Ogiso Oduwa (ize-Oduwa ) that later became the first Oni of lle-ife. Shey you don hear, abeg no thief our contents o! Ewuare II (born October 20, 1953) was crowned the Oba of Benin on 20 October 2016. By the 1400s, they had established a prosperous kingdom led by the Oba, a formidable ruler. on 3rd June, 2022. It is widespread in several parts of Southern Nigeria - thanks to Oba Ewuare. The oba had to live in exile, while the British carted of the treasures of the ancient kingdom to London, where they lie in British museums to this day. PAY ATTENTION: Read the news on Nigerias #1 new app. The rulers in Bini kingdom during the first dynasty were called Ogiso. The Oba is a ceremonial Yoruba sovereign with no political power, but is sought as a counsel or sponsor by politicians who seek support from the residents of Lagos, the financial heart of Nigeria and the largest city in Africa. The Iweguae has Esere as their leader, they specifically run errands for the Oba. Oba Ewuare is also noted for promoting Benin cultural activities. The second ' Oba' dynasty was founded by Oranyan ( also known as Oranmiyan ) , a prince from the Yoruba Kingdom of Ife in modern -day Nigeria . Your email address will not be published. Even on a quiet day, the palace hosts numerous chiefs, pages, and visitors both lofty and humble. After the rites, while playing the marble, he uttered the Yoruba words "owo mi ka" meaning I captured it when he struck the only remaining marble. Following the defeat, Oba Ovonramwen was banished to Calabar town, not far . They exploited their trading income to assemble a massive army. The Edo people, according to history, started when they were displeased with the reign of a dynasty of semimythical monarchs known as the Ogisos and requested Prince Oranmiyan of Ife to rule them in the 13th century. Benin was one of the most important historical kingdoms in the western African forest region from the 13th to the 19th centuries. Anyonewearinga black attireis not allowed entrance into the palace because black isseen as a symbol for mourning. Those who opposed the new monarch, that it is Ife offshoot, did not allow the remains of any Oba to be buried in Ubini. However, only the Oba is permitted to enter through this gate, which will be unlocked when the king arrives. In addition to that, the Obas subjects consult him about family feuds and community disputes. [2] [3] Ado's son, Gabaro was the third Oba of Lagos. Dont take dogs to Oba Palace; they will be killed. According to multiple reports on social media and the streets of Nigeria, Its forbidden Oba of Benin seeing his own son. The Oba settles disputes and is a peacemaker. The Edionisen mounted pressure on him to send his son if he could not come back. They also began to trade with European merchants. The Woman King is a 2022 American historical epic film about the Agojie, the all-female warrior unit that protected the West African kingdom of Dahomey during the 17th to 19th centuries. The present day Oba Ewuare II was crowned the Oba of Benin on 20 October 2016. Funsho Adeolu throws star-studded carnival-like final burial for late mum, Pasuma, others sighted in video. During the 16th and 17th centuries, the . You are highly welcome, Mr. Isa Sulaimon Akolade. This ensured that the dynasty, which had entered Benin from the Yoruba city of Ile-Ife, had suzerainty over the ancestral forces that owned the land. Also, the Obas gradually gained more land and expanded their kingdom. The royal palace of the Oba of Benin was made a UNESCO heritage site in 1999. For instance, the single-story structure is one of the few of its kind in Benin City that survived the 1897 fires. window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; By the 1400s Benin was a wealthy kingdom. The British intended to take control of Benin so that they might profit from its palm oil and rubber exports. Oba Ewedo who reigned in about 1255 AD is credited to have removed the seat of government from Usama (a village outside Benin city) to the present palace. Benin City was the capital of Benin kingdom, one of the most highly developed states in Africa, when it was ransacked and burnt down in 1897 by British forces. They killed British (save for two), and all the Africans with them (who were carrying their luggage). Later, due to his resilience and the legacy of his father, Oranmiyan, Benin City and the royal palace were also restored by him. People sent me new one - Nigerian man continues journey from London to Lagos on bike after damaged wheel. The Oba title was created by Oba Oranmiyan, the first Oba of Benin Empire who is also a grand son of Oduduwa, the first Oni of Ile-Ife. Ewuare II. The name "Benin" is a Portuguese corruption of the Itsekhiri's "Ubinu", which came into use in the 1400s during the reign of Oba Ewuare the Great. African Roots is supported by the Gerda Henkel Foundation. Thank you. He declared that only a child of the soil, educated in the culture and traditions of Igodomigodo could rule the kingdom. The Kings of the second Dynasty were known as Oba. In the process of evading them, the British set fire to a huge part of Benin, but only after plundering the palaces valuables, including the famed bronze sculptures that can still be viewed in the British Museum. gtag('js', new Date()); He expanded the kingdom and improved the capital, present-day Benin City; the city was defined by massive walls. As one of the few local leaders who still maintained their independence at the time, Oba Ovonramwen did not receive the typical military support from his chiefs as he continued to fight annexation by the British. Oranmiyan decided to go back home as he could not rule successfully especially because of the resistance put up by Ogieamien and his supporters. However, Ododuwa was about 70-years-old and was too old to undertake the long journey to Igodomigodo. Eweka was the first in a long line of rulers known as Obas. This is a tradition in which a simulated fight between the present Ogiamien and the Oba-to-be is frequently held to memorialize the military skirmish. After the British began interacting with the Benin kingdom, they sought raw materials which the kingdom could provide (such as palm oil for soap making), and went into an agreement with the Oba of Beninfor trade. Ask Legit Facts you should know about the first Oba of Benin Kingdom Thursday, May 24, 2018 at 10:28 AM by Nurudeen Lawal Ogiso Owodo ruled as a king under the old Monarchy of Ogiso in the old Igodomigodo kingdom. However, we need to correct some aspect of it. Omo N Oba N Edo Uku Akpolokpolo (the King, the supreme). Fearing that their land might descend into disorder, the Edo people turned to their neighbour, the King of Ife, for assistance. He was the first in a line of Obas of Benin, whom the kingdom flourished under until its fall in the 18th century. He worked at the United Nations between 1981 and 1982. He. His weak character made him loose supporters to the young prince, Oranmiyans son who had grown up and crowned the king of Igodomigodo/Ubini. Ovonramwen, Oba of Benin from 1888- January 1898 An Oba on horseback with attendants from 16th century An Oba of Benin from the late 17th century The Oba of Benin is the traditional ruler and the custodian of the culture of the Edo people and all Edoid people. Soyinka gives reason for visiting Sunday Igboho in Benin Republic, photo stirs reactions. What is today known as Benin was first called Igodomigodo. Note- Ogiso means Kings of the sky References: * Edo Nation * Ben-Amos, Paula Girshick; The Art of Benin; Revised Edition; 1995; British Museum Press; [p. 32] If you find this information useful, kindly share on social media and drop a comment below. At the time of his installation he did, however, replace the earthen palace entry with a steel gate, and introduced other innovations that were less noticeable. A token of their victory. The current capital is Benin City in modern day Nigeria. The Oba has some authority over land issues, when it concerns land owned by indigenes in the south of Edo State, and his decisions are quoted in regular court. Some people lived in villages and small towns, but most people lived and worked in Benin City. He was living in fear and suspicion of the people. This group is the one responsible for the kings harem. Germany's ring exchange with Ukraine: An assessment, Egypt: Alaa Abdel-Fattah close to dying, says sister, US midterms: From gerrymandering to voter intimidation, Nicaragua: Ortega's rivals decry local vote clampdown. Oba Eweka I was the kingdom's first 'Oba'. Second Oba of Lagos [ edit] Oba Esigie was the first West African leader to establish diplomatic relations with a European country. He is remembered for his mystical powers, promoting arts and the bronze figures that have stood the test of time. He expanded the kingdom and improved the capital, present-day Benin City; the city was defined by massive walls. Midterm election: Senate control hinges on 3 states LIVE, Opinion: US democracy survives the midterm election, Biden hails midterm election as 'good day for democracy'. According to edoworld.net, Oranmiyan was not a foreign, invader who having failed, assigned his infant son to the task. Also, another tradition is the mock battle, in which Oba Ewedu conquered the Ogiamien, a rival dynasty, in the 13th century. He inherited a small kingdom but expanded it tremendously to include numerous towns and villages. At times of royal ceremonies, its grounds flood with people. Benin City, currently located in Southern Nigeria and 25 Miles (40km) north of the Benin River, was once the capital city of Igodomigodo, a kingdom ruled by the Ogiso dynasty. Ogiso Owodo ruled as a king under the old Monarchy of Ogiso in the old Igodomigodo kingdom. Edo Moved from Ogiso Dynasty to Oba Dynasty. In the process, the British set a large part of Benin ablaze - though only after ransacking the palace's treasures, of which the famous bronze sculptures can be seen in the British Museum to this day. He named the kingdom Igodomigodo. The problem is that the time the official was going to Benin, a certain ceremony was being held, which involved human sacrifices and dark incantations. Then, the last of the warrior rulers was Oba Ehengbuda. Dr Pius Odubu Appointed as New NDDC Chairman. They suspended all their political differences until the prince was old enough to take his fathers place and crowned Ogieamien. 5. They were seized by the British when looting the royal palace of Benin in 1897 as punishment for the killing of a British delegation. The Oba of Benin About the object Acquisition This is one of more than 900 plaques that show aspects of the Benin court in the fifteenth to sixteenth centuries following Europe's first contact with West Africa. According to history, the Oba gave a royal stool, a plate of kola nuts, and a bronze staff to his erstwhile opponent as part of a 13th-century peace between the warring dynasties. Uzama Nihiron (the king makers as well as the elders of the state) are seven in number. The first oba, or king, in Benin was Eweka. The kingdom reached its greatest power and size under Oba Ewuare the Great. Newly crowned 40th Monarch of the Benin kingdom Oba Ewuare II walks to perform a rite during his coronation in Benin City, AFP PHOTO. The emotional moment Oga Bello shed tears while receiving keys to SUV from children as gift on 70th birthday. The Oba Palace was built by Oba Ewedo (1255AD 1280AD), and it is situated at the heart of the ancient City of Benin. The siege lasted a couple of days, however, with their vast technological superiority they were eventually victorious. His Royal Majesty, Omo N'Oba N'Edo Uku Akpolokpolo, Ewuare II, Oba of Benin, was born on the 20th of October 1953 and is the 40th monarch of the empire. In 1914, after the death of his father, Oba Eweka II took the throne and began reconstructing both structures and altars. The only males allowed where the queen and other Obas women dwell are males with royal blood. The Iwebo society has Uwangue as its leader. Should 'radical' climate activism be penalized? More than five centuries after his reign, Oba Ewuares legacy is still alive in Benin City. The Oba attempted to cut off all ties with the United Kingdom, but the British insisted on their right to trade. Itisa taboo for theoba to set his eyes on the colour black. The ancient Benin Empire was one of the oldest and most developed states in West Africas coastal hinterland. Ewedo built his palace where the royal residence still stands: land the indigenes had used as a cemetery. History has it that Ewuare N'Ogidigan planted the first . Also, the Oba calls the gateway to heaven a place in the outer wall that used to be a doorway but is now bricked in. According to the historian, the slave trade had been supplanted by the trade in palm oil, and the Oba imposed a personal export monopoly that did not endear him to his chiefs or the general populace. When his successor took the throne, he had new personal quarters erected. Recommended:Ada And Eben Sceptre As Symbols of Authority in Benin, Your email address will not be published. By introducing the rule of primogeniture - meaning the succession from father to first son, he ended the power struggles of the mighty king makers of previous times. It was not until the reign of Oba Ewedo in the 14th century that the inner section of the town was breached. Meanwhile, he fell in love with the daughter of Ogie Ego, a local chief, named Erinmwinde who eventually had a male child for him. Chiefs belonging to the Eghaevbo nOgbe category are affiliated with one of three palace societies and have access only to general spaces and those quadrangles reserved for their specific group: Iwebo, the largest group, concerned mostly with administrative duties, public functions, and royal objects and dress; Iweguae, which cares for the Obas ancestors and his royal person; and Ibiwe, which looks after the harem and children. . They accompanied him to Igodomigodo. Some of Oba Erediauwas subjects urged him to create a palace in contemporary style like those of certain of his Yoruba counterparts, but he was uninterested. Older royal children lived outside the palace and were raised by various chiefs. The Obas resided in magnificent palaces adorned with gleaming brass. An Oba was a ruler. Oranmiyan chose his son Eweka to be the first Oba of Benin. Read also: Lopold Sdar Senghor: From prisoner to president. Following his defeat, Oba Ovonramwen was exiled to Calabar, where he died in 1914, around Nigerias border town with Cameroon. The Oba title was created by Oba Oranmiyan, the first Oba of Benin Empire who is also a grand son of Oduduwa, the first Oni of Ile-Ife. However, history has it that the Obas resistance to Benins invaders contributed to the monarchys nearly mythical prominence in modern times, because after his death, the British convinced his son to ascend the throne, since he needed a traditional ruler for the indirect rule system to be achieved. Oranmiyan was, therefore, the link between the old monarchy of Ogiso and the new monarchy of Obas of Benin. As a political unit, Benin was created by the French colonial conquest at the end of the 19th century. The title of Oba was adopted in Benin Empire after the Ogiso rule ended. In the 16th century, Oba Esigie constructed a reception hall whose wooden verandah supports were decorated by over 800 brass plaques depicting court officials, animals, Portuguese visitors, and other subjects. Thanks @ Teslim Opemipo Omipidan for this historical information. While the palaces structures have changed significantly over time, what little archaeology has occurred took place on what were once palace groundssmall areas on the Benin Museum grounds and the site of the former Clerks Quarters. The title of 'oba' was created by Oba Eweka the Great to mean symbolically king or ruler. The most important person in the kingdom was the king, known. You shall be hanged until you breathe your last - Court sends Ekiti prince to death, here's his offence. Thus, Benins power steadily diminished after his death in 1601. Ozolua and Esigie were both pro-Portuguese merchants. 2014 - 2022 | All Rights Reserved | OldNaija, Story of Arhuanran, the Giant Benin Prince Who Could Uproot Trees With Bare Hands, History of Emotan The Market Woman Who Saved A Benin King From Being Murdered, He was exiled to Calabar by the British in 1897 during the punitive expedition, https://oldnaija.com/2017/05/27/list-of-obas-kings-of-benin-empire/, The Igue Festival- Edo's colourful festival, Ojude Oba- The Colourful Festival of the Ijebu Nation. Eweka, who was the son of Yoruba's Prince Oranmiyan, was the first Oba of Benin. In addition, he introduced the creation of bronze heads to honor deceased Benin kings. The title ofObawas used after the Ogiso title and was created by Oranmiyan,Benin EmpiresfirstOba. In the 1960s, he replaced these deteriorated palace decorations with five reliefs of monarchs and two of royal wives, the effect recalling both the clay reliefs on former palace pillars and the hundreds of 16th-century brass plaques Oba Esigie had cast and nailed to the wooden supports of his reception court. Irebor the Ogiearnien mobilized his supporters to stop Oranmiyan from entering the city. Later in the 13th century, the oba Ewedo began to exert himself, and the most famous oba, Ewuare the Powerful, who reigned between 1440 and 80, was characterized as a great warrior and sorcerer, solidifying royal power. First Weekly exclusively gathered that the late Queen Esther Erediauwa died from complications arising from diabetes. The oracle prescribed the performance of some rites and the playing (akhue) marble by the young prince. OGISO DYNASTY * Igodo or Obagodo * Ere * Orire * Odia * Ighido * Evbobo After Oranmiyan had left, the Edionisen busied themselves with training the young prince in the mysteries of Ubani or Evbuoto kingship. He surrounded himself with soldiers and declared his new title hereditary, with the hope of passing it to his descendants who would also rule like him. Truth emerges, Twitter acquisition: Elon Musk says platform is losing $4 million daily, Man who has been in prison for 12 years surprises daughter after his release, she cries hot tears in video, Atiku has questions to answer about his links to terrorists, says Fani-Kayode. As they approached Benins frontiers, a group of warriors forced them back, killing numerous British soldiers. Colour integrates old and new: the red roofs of the new structures harmonize with the palaces earthen walls and a small section of the newly paved forecourt, while new white structures match the repainted cement sections of old buildings, the front fencing, and the bulk of the forecourt. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full credit is given to OldNaija which must include appropriate and specific backlink to the original content on our website. Ewuare became the new Oba of Benin around 1440. More grease to your elbow! The Kingdom of Benin began to lose influence in the 1800s, and the Obas struggled to maintain control over their people. A party of British officials attempted to visit Benin in 1897. The name "Benin" is a Portuguese corruption of the Itsekhiri's "Ubinu", which came into use in the 1400s during the reign of Oba Ewuare the Great. The palace was declared a UNESCO Listed Heritage Site in 1999. 4. Walls included patterns beyond fluting and sometimes incorporated modelled clay tableaux. OmoN'ObaN'Edo UkuAkpolokpolo, Oba Ewuare 11 N'Ogidigan, The Oba of Benin. In 1897, a group of British . Oba Eweka I was the kingdom's first 'Oba'. In the east, it reached beyond the Niger River, while in the west, it reached as far as modern-day Ghana. Set in the 1820s, the film stars Viola Davis as a general who trains the next generation of warriors to fight their enemies. To maintain peace and order, which he was invited to do, Eweka, Oranmiyans son, was chosen afterwards by Prince Oranmiyan himself as the first Oba of Benin. We provide a research and learning environment for Nigerians at home and in the diaspora. 8. You are already subscribed to our newsletter! Today, every museum in Europe possesses art treasures from Benin. The current capital is Benin City in modern day Nigeria. Edo Moved from Ogiso Dynasty to Oba Dynasty. 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